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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee enthusiast you're probably aware that different types of beans have distinct flavor profiles. Read on to learn about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a variety of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a sweeter and more tart flavor profile and are often added to blends of beans to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans account for 75% of all global production. Arabica beans are softer and sweeter than Robusta, and they are available in a variety of flavours. The aroma and taste of a particular coffee can vary in a wide range depending on the cultivation conditions and the processing methods employed to make it.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word that means berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats became energized after eating these berries, and that the cultivation of coffee quickly became widespread across the globe.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes and flourish in cold temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the main reasons why Arabica is regarded as the most delicious coffee.

Many specialty 500g coffee beans shops and roasters concentrate on ethical sourcing of arabica beans, focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique coffees that can be used in various brewing methods. Blending gives you control over the flavour, aroma and body as well as the acidity of the coffee. It is frequently preferred to create an even and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most widely used type of coffee bean grown in the world. They have a higher caffeine content per bean than Arabica, and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids that are antioxidants naturally found in. However, these acids can cause oxidation during the process of brewing good coffee beans and can cause undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more durable than arabica, able to thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It is able to withstand higher temperatures and does well in direct sun. It is faster growing and produces more coffee beans online per plant than arabica, making it a cheaper crop to cultivate.

While it may seem counterintuitive Robusta beans are typically blended with arabica beans to create coffee blends. If you've noticed the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya on a speciality coffee beans bag it's likely there's some Robusta in there as well.

Most roasters use a mixture of arabica and coffee beans in order to cut costs and preserve quality. To ensure the quality of the flavor, it is essential to choose a high-quality bean from a supplier you are confident with. This can be accomplished by buying your beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is similar to a football, which is what makes them distinct from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinctive scent that is fruity and floral with smoky undertones. They are paired with other coffee bean types to give them a deeper, more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They can grow in low altitudes and tolerate humid, hot climates. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta.

These characteristics make them ideal for home cultivation. You can purchase seeds from a variety of sources. However, it is best to buy the beans from local producers in order to ensure the highest quality. The ideal conditions to grow Liberica coffee are fertile deep volcano soils, with moderately acidic as well as sufficient annual rainfall.

Another kind of Coffee beans Types bean is Excelsa that was once considered a separate species but was re-classified as a variation of Liberica. These coffee beans are oval-shaped and grow on large coffee plants that range from 20 to 30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. They have a distinct flavor that is both tart and fruity which has made them a preferred choice for blends in house. They are also less pronounced in scent and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta, but still possess a unique richness of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most coveted kind of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't quite as easy to find as Arabica or Robusta. In fact they were regarded as an individual species of coffee plant until 2006 when they were reclassified as an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of coffee. The coffee beans are shaped like teardrops and are dark and mysterious in taste. They are typically used to give blends extra body and a rich tart taste of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are by far the most sought-after and are renowned for their sweeter taste. They thrive in tropical and warm climates and high altitudes. They also have a bit of acidity. If brewed correctly and roast they may have notes of chocolate, nuts, or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most-loved coffee around the world. It is responsible for around 40% of all bulk coffee beans consumed in the world. These beans are rounder and smaller, yet they contain twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two types and have a woody, earthy taste.

Now that you know the four most commonly used types of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select your ideal coffee. If you prefer smooth and delicate flavors pick an arabica or a blend of arabica beans and robusta beans.